Monthly Archives: November 2013

Alternative Energy

Published by:

According to rated in the top ten regions for the last period included the Belgorod Region, Autonomous District, Altai Republic, Altai Region, Novgorod Region, Vladimir Region, Kirov Region, the Republic of Tuva, and Kaluga area. Down in the ranking of the Novosibirsk Region, Amur Region, the Omsk region. The worst environmental rating has Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. The European Parliament began to doubt the feasibility of using biofuels European deputies intend to limit the role of first generation biofuels (biodiesel, bioethanol) in the development program of renewable energy in favor of, in particular, wind, solar and hydrogen energy. Production of first generation biofuels currently stands at 15 million tons. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development announced this summer that the economic feasibility of eco-friendly fuel will be doubtful if to deprive him of public support enjoyed by the manufacturers.

For a long time it was considered less harmful to the environment than fuel derived from oil. Now, scientists doubt it. European Parliament concerned about high prices, first-generation biofuels, which are no longer considered safe for the environment, MPs have also expressed doubts about his economic viability. MEPs voted for the decline in use of biofuels. Thus, the proportion of ethanol coming on the transport sector of eu countries in 2020 was 5%. Earlier expected to increase use of biofuels to 10%. According to the un, the spread of biofuels is one of the reasons for the increase in food prices around the world, because forcing farmers to reduce area under food crops and to redistribute them in favor of fuel.

Gustavo Young

Published by:

– Friburguense FC, of New Friburgo (RIO DE JANEIRO), established in 01.01.1914: pink shirt and white shimstock (as Gustavo Young chicken of Would make). Later the club it changed of name for Friburgo FC and the shirt for red. – SC Santos Dumont, of Salvador (BA), established in 03.05.1904, the pink and black colors. But in 1912 it changed of Athletical name for FC and the colors for blue and black. – SC Rosita Sofia, of the quarter the Cosmos, Campo Grande, Rio De Janeiro (RIO DE JANEIRO), established in 10.03.1941. He is clearly that the pink color has direct bonding with the name of the club, on which we treat in our article ' ' The remote origins of the names of some clubs brasileiros' '.

– Pink FC, another Carioca amateur teams, established in 2001. According to Emed, gay of Brazil is about the first teams, that enters in field with pink uniform, wigs and until maquiagem. Beyond the rose, another uncommon color is the purple one. was the color adopted in 2009 for shirt 3 of the Corinthians a homage to ' ' corintianos roxos' '. Particularly, I find that it must have relaunched in 2010, in commemoration to centenarian, its first shirt, of also uncommon color: beige, the example of the English teams where if it inhaled (Corinthian FC). As it is known, the club moved of color in 1912 because, in washing, the color discoloured for white.

Instead of this, in 2011, gren launched a shirt. If she was red, it could be said that it was the red of the anchor and of the pair of we remos as well as golden of the Sport and the green of the Figueirense, that is, ' ' the revenge of detalhe' '. But not: gren is due to departure that played, against the Portuguese, with the shirt of the Torino, in 08.05.1949, because four days before the Italian club lost its teams and commission technique in an air accident.

Formwork

Published by:

Formwork is manufactured in accordance with the standards or specifications for specific types of formwork. During the construction of monolithic structures of residential and public buildings need high quality surface, and therefore to the formwork have additional requirements. Deformability of the casing depends on the strength and quality of the monolithic structures, as well as the complexity of shuttering and finishing works durability and cost of the formwork. In addition to a curved surface, violations of the geometric dimensions and other abnormalities in stiff enough formwork shell formed on the surface and air bubbles in compacting concrete. Decking the walls and pillars important requirement is to mold a uniform deformation of the functional purpose (for example, large-sized panels of the walls or ceilings). Heat treatment concrete formwork thermo-activated to consider the additional stress and strain upon heating formwork. In the building of solid structures to seal concrete, vertical structures are usually used internal vibrators. The use of external vibrators can reduce labor costs for concrete works.

However, much heavier formwork and also decreases the quality of concrete surfaces due to sucking air in vibration. All connections are shuttering is recommended to quick, they must be sufficiently dense and impenetrable. Welds, and sharp corners and edges of formwork shall be processed. Accuracy class formwork must be mounted on a class above the class of accuracy concreted structures, and the class of precision manufacturing of formwork shall be assigned to a class higher than the accuracy of installation. Class accuracy concreted structures prescribed in the project in accordance with GOST 21779-82. To build a monolithic structures with surfaces prepared for painting or wallpapering, you should use the formwork, which provides obtaining concrete surfaces on SNIP 3.04.01-87. Higher tolerances prescribed for the thermo-activated formwork, as apart from additional strains should be considered when sizing cooling and heating.

Most construction formwork made on the 7th class of accuracy. Universal formwork system designed for long life, high rate of turnover and use in different conditions must be met by more high precision. It should be borne in mind, however, that the overstatement of the precision of unjustified increases significantly the cost of formwork. Significant impact on the quality of the surface has a surface formwork in contact with the concrete. Good surfaces are obtained by applying a layer of grease on the metal casing. Decking from specially selected timber can, in some cases to get a nice texture. Good results give special absorbent lining. By increasing the absorption of the material decreases the number of pits and voids on the surface of the concrete. The different degrees of absorption leads to the lining appearance of clearly visible dark and lighter spots on the surface of the concrete. In addition, repeated application of the formwork also changes the degree of absorption and color of the concrete surface. Also change the color of concrete technology laying and compaction method. Beautiful formwork concrete surface can be obtained by using hardboard and plywood, covered with grease. Surface in this case is somewhat better than metal surface casing. Formwork with a completely impervious surface is often the cause of cavities and shells. In order to reduce their need to spend more emulsion lubricant. For these reasons, desirable to use a lubricant and for surfaces with little adhesion to concrete (plastic casing, plastic-coated plywood)